GDPR stands for the General Data Protection Regulation. It is a key piece of European Union legislation (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) that became effective in May 2018. The main objective of the GDPR is to strengthen the protection of individuals' personal data and give them more control over how their data is collected, processed, and used. The regulation unifies data protection rules across the entire EU.
The regulation applies to all companies, institutions, and organizations that process the personal data of EU citizens, regardless of where the organization is based. GDPR introduced several fundamental principles, such as lawfulness, transparency, data minimization (collecting only necessary data), and accountability of the controller. It also defined the rights of individuals, which include the right of access to one's own data, the right to rectification, the right to erasure (the "right to be forgotten"), and the right to data portability. Organizations face substantial fines for violating these rules.
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